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07030248044CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The population of the world is continuously on the increase and towns and cities have grown up around their public transport system. The increasing population and expanding urban centershas been accomplished by increasing car ownership and increasing demand for movement for various purposes. Regardless of income or social status, the condition under which people travel have become more and more difficult and for some absolutely intolerable. Demand for transport and travel intensity tends to increase sharply with the growing size of a city and town especially when the city center or major centers of activity continues to grow in terms of both size and employment.
Parking in public areas can be very tasking with little or no form of security because it is fraught with all sorts of hazards created by either humans or lack of parking structures. In order to reduce the stress of parking and any form of danger or insecurity to cars and owners, adequate parking facilities must be provided to meet up for the demand of parking.
Findings in the research work done by Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal university of Technology, Minna, Nigeria [1] revealed that parking problems and traffic management issues in Nigeria which leads to time delays and traffic congestion are as a result of inadequate parking space, traffic signs/signals, indiscipline, encroachment of illegal activities at car parks etc. Recommendations were made for parking management, parking design standard, parking control, traffic management for both vehicular and pedestrian, land use and land development, enforcement of edict and bye-laws by statutory agencies. Today, automobile is the dominant mode of transportation in most nations of the earth including Nigeria, where an average family has at least a car, which has led to many transport and traffic problems within cities and inter-cities and the challenges of parking in large gatherings such as churches, shopping malls is beginning to be a great issue. Over the years engineers and architects have found a way to create more parking spaces within minimum size of land by the design and construction of multi-storey car parks. This is line with the trend in modern cities all over the world of developing high-rise buildings as to overcome the challenges of urban over population, for optimal use of scarce land resources, as status symbol, etc. Multi-storey car park also known as a parking garage or a parking structure is a building designed for car parking with a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked parking lot that has multiple access and exit system to avoid traffic congestion in and out. Car parking systems have been around almost since the time cars were invented. There are car parking systems in most areas where there is significant amount of traffic. Car parking systems and the accompanying technologies have increased and diversified over the years. Car parking systems were developed in the early 20th century in response to the need for storage space for vehicles. Multi-storey car park is used virtually in every advanced nation. It is called parking structure is used in the United States especially when it is necessary to distinguish the structure from the garage in a house. Architects and civil engineers usually call it a parking structure due to the nature of their work. The earliest known multi-storey car park was built in 1918 for Hotel La Salle at West Washington Street in the West Loop area of downtown Chicago, Illinois. It was designed by Holabird and Roche. Another early imaged multi-storey was in the 1920s when an English cartoonist imagined a hotel for cars; he drew a multi-storey car park [3]. Today, a lot of innovation has been done on parking system, ranging from providing services of man power to help in parking automobiles to the use of machines and robots.
Statement of the Problem
Car parking is a major problem in urban areas in both developed and developing countries. Following the rapid incense of car ownership, many cities are suffering from lacking of car parking areas with imbalance between parking supply and demand which can be considered the initial reason for metropolis parking problems. This imbalance is partially due to ineffective land use planning and miscalculations of space requirements during first stages of planning. Shortage of parking space, high parking tariffs, and traffic congestion due to visitors in search for a parking place are only a few examples of everyday parking problems.The paper examines Parking needs and provision in Urban areas (a case study of Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos).
Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to examine the parking needs and provision in Urban areas (a case study of Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos). Other objectives of the study include;
Research Questions
The following questions are derived from the objectives of this tudy to give it a direction;
Research Hypotheses
The following where hypothesized in this study;
Hypothesis One
H0:There is no significant effect of poor parking on the congestion of the urban areas in Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos
H1:There is a significant effect of poor parking on the congestion of the urban areas in Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos
Hypothesis Two
H0:There is no significant relationship between parking space and incidence of accident in Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos
H1:There is a significant relationship between parking space and incidence of accident in Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos.
Significance of the Study
The significance of this study is to examine the parking needs and provision in Urban areas (a case study of Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos).
The findings of this study will help the government of Lagos state to know the causes of poor car packing around the city.
The findings of this study will also the transport commission in Lagos to know the strategies to take in ensuring that drivers adhere to the roles of packing space.
The findings of this study will also help the government of Lagos state to know the effect of poor car packing in the congestion of the city.
The finding of this study will also be of significance to students and researchers as it will not only fill the literature gap on the parking needs and provision in Urban areas but also will provide bases for further research in other cities in Nigeria.
Scope of the Study
The Scope of this study is limited to the parking needs and provision in Urban areas specifically in Ogudu road, Ojota, Lagos State, Nigeria.
1.8 Operational of Definition
Inflation: Inflation is the rate at which the value of a currency is falling and, consequently, the general level of prices for goods and services is rising.
Public Servant: A public servant is generally a person who is employed by the government, either through appointment or election.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.9 Organization of the Study
This research work is classified into five main sections. chapter one contains the introduction of the study, chapter two contains the literature review, chapter three contains the methodology, chapter four covers analysis of data and interpretation of result, and chapter five covers the summary, recommendations and conclusion of the study.
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