THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ISSUES IN NIGERA

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

       Health is the most ingredients of life, deny man of that, he re impotent in life people do not value their life or state of health until they have experience of one form of sickness.

       However, as it is being said that health its wealth, issues of how overwhelmed our daily comment since revolution of science.

       According to records sickness of various kinds has and angering the life of various citizen of Nigeria before, during and after the colonial masters.

       On the other hand the management of environment health in Nigeria at its least foundational stage, has carryout various programmes of heaths issues in Nigeria through the effort of the media.

       Nevertheless, communication came and persisted in its function to entrance philosophers and seventieths quest to standardize the health welfare of people. Communication make the people changes in their health environment. Health issues has embraced a new and prosperous era in the society.

1.1  Background of the Study

       Considering the legerity of plants early philosophers get worried on the quick passing away of animal. At a time the referred death as a “cheat on nature that come whenever it nil”.

       However, since emerged in enthusiasm to discover and subdue human problem it is true that science is a discipline that is anchored in the pursuit of wisdom and knowledge in the ability to question the nature of being and critical investigation of cause and effect.

       Between 1500 – 1500, there was radical scientific revolution. The wish and determination to discover science by man rise as a result of conflict noticed between different belief and attempt. By man to achieve an improved environment status. Economic necessity and the need to wise out ignorance improved health condition and the craze for knowledge propelled the growth of science though historic perspective.

       Besides, in 1960’s and 70’s Nigeria due to the ignorance on  health issues the management of environmental health were tortured by the people transmitted disease like.

       Gonorrhea, during the period over 20,000 citizen especially the children between one to ten years cost their livers it in because people in the rural areas dwell more on roots and herbs, with little or no precaution. These threaten the health of the nation and then pushed the country for campaign and may be relieve on these predicaments.

       Furthermore the management of environment on health has warn against sexual transmitted disease like acquire immune efficiency syndrome (AIDS) the disease is recently recognized throughout the world. Consequently benefit of immunization programme cannot be over emphasized at present, children, youth and even people of all ages are receive from contaminated disease media has carryout many health campaign activities in order to prevent or minimize health’s problem in Nigeria.

1.2         Statement of Research Problem

       Media in a good medium of information distribution there are lots of things occurring around us in our local areas in our country and the world at large. People of different calibers because of aware of the important events when they time their television or radio to hear the news, through the media, the management of environment on health issue  in Nigeria has make life more happy even when you are confuse matters of environment around you, you can infirm the management through the media.

       The media is a medium of education and it helps in the integration of environment health in Nigeria.

       There are enough of the primary roles which media is suppose to perform on the management of environmental health in the society but over the years it has been faced the problem that have hinder performing up to the required expectation of the society.

       In the source of research, the researcher was able to find out what some of these problem are:

       Firstly, poor equipment, like tippers that can be carrying the waste product, unprepared permanent environment to keep dirty materials that are unuseful.

       Secondly, inadequate management of environment health.

       Thirdly, lack of involvement of members of management of environmental health in Nigeria.

       The problem of the researcher can be solved when the government and non government organization in our society join hard together to support the management of environmental health in Nigeria.

       The problem of the researcher  can be solved when the government and non government organization in our society join hard together to support the management of environmental health in Nigeria.

1.3  Objective of the Study

       The objective of the study is to estimate the extent of the role of media on the management of environmental health issues in Nigeria.

       Also it is to analyze their performance, in effective, in other words the most likely way they have improved speedy: efficient, effective, and qualitative methods of health awareness.

       It also includes to ascertain the relationship between health institution and the media house as it concerns health issues to the public.   

1.4  Significant of the Study

       The relevance of this study is to strengthen the strategic thinking and programmes of development to express how the Nigeria along side various health issues system health programmes are being designed, implemented and monitored. These will equally embrace the strategies at health information.

       It is hoped that this study will give an insight into the effectiveness of the mass media and other channels of communication as to whether information sent through the mass media” can make a different in promoting change” as it concerns health. Another reason for this is to evaluate the effectiveness of public campaign through the media, for instance, immunization campaign, its need and how strategies to the members of the society.

1.5  Research Questions

       We are most desired to satisfy hypothetical and imaginary question concerning the issues of media and management of environment health in Nigeria. This is to guide our research principles so as to come up with a dependable conclusion. The following will satisfied in our work.

1. Is health necessary in human life?
2. Are disease really a genuine threat to people?
3. Do health as any way affect the nations economy?
4. Are there any need to fight sickness to stop?
5. Should the media be partner or collaborators with government hand health ministry in saving our nation from grips of diseases?
6. Is there any need to asses media on disease control?
7. How committed is media on health messages?
8. Does media health campaign have powerful effect on citizens
9. Are all health campaign carried out by the media paid for as advert?
10. Do all media participate in health campaign?
11. To what extent has media help in health awareness?

1.6  Research Hypothesis

H1:  Members of the society have the time to get media campaigns on health awareness.

H0:  Members of the society do not have the time to get media campaigns on health awareness.

H2:  The society are influence by the media campaign on health issues. 

H0:  The society is not influence by the media campaign on health issues. 

H3:  Parents restraints their children against sexual transmitted disease because if media campaign.

H0:  Parent do no  restraints their children against sexual transmitted disease because if media campaign.

H4:  Nursing mother have improved in their response to immunization programmes.

H0: Nursing mother do not improve in their response to immunization programmes.

1.7  Theatrical Framework

       Information diffusion theory – recent effort have focused on the method of narrowing the knowledge gap has failed in real life situation especially in the third world country to explain or predict the nation of adoption of new predictive and explanatory value because of variety of result derived from knowledge gap studies the best from knowledge gap studies the best the model can do is to show the greatest obstacle in usually not charging the audience cognitive structure but getting them to accept the new methods and behave accordingly information requires the use of the media for their dissemination to anonymous audience.

       Information through the media can reach a wide and nitrogenous audience simultaneously and the rate of information diffusion of the media is influenced by the nature of the issues in question.

       One of the henries of mass communication that deals with the flow of information from a source to the receiver (audience) is diffusion theory. Diffusion in mass communication .l is concerned with the spread of an information from region of mistake.

       High concentration to the rest of the population. The concept diffusion theory information at has been defined by Agbola, Tunde, 2007 as the process by which information from media media spread through a given population. Media scholars have long shaded this theory and social influence researcher’s frequently ate diffusion studies in support for them view.

       According to Agbola, Tunde and Adegoke, S.A. (2007: 23) knowledge of ones environment is diffused at the interpersonal level by infirmed person in the society at the institutional level by the media, that socialization of new members is done by siblings, parents teachers, and other professional at interpersonal level, and by the school system educational media and the publishing houses at the institutional level. Nigerians especially people in the village are presumed to seek information because of the communication which it serves from them. Preliminary analysis of data set, showed an audience of greater information seeking when the topic discussed were of personal relevance and audience are like to talk to other for effectiveness.

1.8  Scope of the Study

       The original intention of the researcher was to highlight the role of media on the management of environmental health issues in Nigeria but the researcher encountered lot of limiting factors in the course of the researcher.

1. Time factor: Time factor prohibited the researcher from a very indepth research and others are shocking academic atrocities or assignments and domestic engagement to be attended to.
2. Non availability of research materials: limited material, unwilling respondents limited financial backing and most importantly the means of traveling to productive areas for this work was inevitably scarce.

1.9  Limitation of the Study

       This work is expected to evaluate the health issues in Nigeria by the media, but we would not in all expectation claim herded percent (100%) success, due to problems that cropped during our research. However, the study as to a reasonable extent effected by unavailability of human resources, in credible return of our share questionnaire which jeopardize our exploration on some necessary aspect of the topic.

1.10       Definition of Terms (Conceptual and Operational)

       For clarity of purpose comprehension, the main concept uses in this study were operationally and conceptually defined.

Operational Definition

The Role: The impact of the media.

Media: The electronic medium use in promoting social advancement  an development in the society.

Management: A group of personality that are incharge of an organization.

Environmental: is place where people, plants and animal live.

Conceptual Definition  

The Role: Function played

Media: Apparatus for receiving or transmitting signals (from the source to the  receiver).

Management:  The act of dealing with people or situation in a successful way.

Environmental: Connected with the condition that affect the behavior and redevelopment of something.

Health: The condition of persons body or mind.