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07030248044ABSTRACT
This research assessed the potentials and the socio-economic impact of waste to wealth in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.The survey research was used in this study to sample the opinion of respondents. This method involved random selection of respondent who were administered with questionnaires. The target population of the study comprised selected residents of Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Lagos State, Nigeria. The questionnaire administered was three hundred and ten (310) copies and three hundred copies (300) retrieved which constitute the sample size. The descriptive and analytical approach was adopted using Chi-square to test and analyze the hypotheses earlier stated. Relevant conceptual, theoretical and empirical literature was reviewed.Findings revealed that there is a significant impact of socio-economic potentials on the wealth of residents in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The finding of the study also reveals that proper management of waste can increase the wealth of in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The findings of the study also reveal that. The finding of the study also reveals that lack of awareness is one of the challenges of domestic solid waste management in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The findings of the study reveal that secure Sanitary landfill is one of the means of improving the domestic solid waste management in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that there is a significant impact of socio-economic potentials on the wealth of residents in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.It was recommended that the whole waste management policy framework has to be implemented effectively, with a focus on transparency and the use of economic and technical tools, as well as consideration for supporting integrated pollution prevention and control.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Introduction Man's unsustainable engagement with nature results in the production of wastes, which are primarily thought of as undesirable and hazardous elements. Due to the ongoing interaction of conflicting human demands and the desire to gratify limitless wants, waste management has become an essential challenge in attaining sustainable development (Adetola et al., 2018).The potential for additional use in production, transformation, or consumption exists in wastes, which are not prime goods since they are not generated for the market and do not occur in typical commercial and utility circles (Abiti, 2013). The three cardinal processes of source, impact on people and the environment, and appropriate control can be used to understand waste. In this study, reference is made to the origin and management of trash, which may have the effect of lessening adverse effects on people and the environment. Since waste is thought to be a hazard to the environment or human health, control is defined here as the efficient use of garbage that is already available.As a result of its potential for disposal and in part because the holder no longer feels a commitment to it, it is no longer valuable. Trash can take on a variety of shapes and sizes, including solid metal, gaseous chemical, and liquid. Akaninyere&Atser (2001), cited in Fakere, Fadairo&Oriye (2012), examined the typology, characteristics, and future trends of solid waste in a number of Nigerian urban cities, including Ijebu-Ode, and claimed that degradable materials (food scraps, paper, and rags) and non-biodegradable materials make up the majority of waste (plastics, tins, metals, bottles, glass, and bones).Fakere, Fadairo, and Oriye (2012) added support to the conclusion when they argued that the majority of actions that have an adverse impact on the environment are driven by the desire for food and its preparation. As a result, if efficient urban mining methods are created, some of the wastes are likely to have socio-economic potentials.
With recycling and other technological advancements, the current waste-management sector in the industrialized world has gone a long way, and it will continue to expand and adapt to the demands of the community. Nevertheless, many of these modifications to solid-waste management systems (SWMS) have not yet been implemented in developing nations.The state of solid waste management in the developing world is quite bad right now; in fact, many countries' current SWMS are more akin to past SWMS in the developed world. SWM services in developing nations have typically been provided by the municipalities (Al-Khatib et al., 2009). The collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of wastes are all part of the municipal responsibilities for organizing and managing the public sanitation system. Yet, many municipalities in emerging nations are finding it difficult to maintain SWMS in a sustainable way due to rising population and economic growth. These systems frequently suffer from poor management or even disappear altogether as a result of different social, institutional, and technical restrictions. As a result of the combined impact of urban expansion and changes in consumption patterns, the global production of garbage has almost doubled over the previous 10 years and is anticipated to reach 2.5 billion tons per year in 2025 (Périou, 2012).
Since they believe they have no other options for managing their solid waste, communities in poor nations frequently utilize waste disposal techniques that have been shown to be harmful to both human health and the environment, such as open dumping and burning (or unregulated landfills) (Alavi Moghadam et al., 2009; Narayana, 2009; Al-Khatib et al., 2015; Hilburn, 2015). Solid-waste management has grown to be a serious issue in many emerging nations as a result of industrial development, expanding urban areas, and rapid expansion. In India's rural cities, a case study revealed that rubbish was routinely burned or thrown in uncontrolled areas (Narayana, 2009). Although it is forbidden to burn rubbish, thousands of people who do not receive garbage pickup have no other option for getting rid of their waste. Localized trash pits are maintained by households in these communities, where rubbish is dumped daily and burned biweekly. The leftover rubbish is moved to larger pits on the outside of the town once the pits are full (Narayana, 2009).
Since they believe they have no other options for managing their solid waste, communities in poor nations frequently utilize waste disposal techniques that have been shown to be harmful to both human health and the environment, such as open dumping and burning (or unregulated landfills) (Mwanthi and Nyabola, 1997; Goett, 1998; Alavi Moghadam et al., 2009; Narayana, 2009; Al-Khatib et al., 2015; Hilburn, 2015). Solid-waste management has grown to be a serious issue in many emerging nations as a result of industrial development, expanding urban areas, and rapid expansion. In India's rural cities, a case study revealed that rubbish was routinely burned or thrown in uncontrolled areas (Narayana, 2009). Although it is forbidden to burn rubbish, thousands of people who do not receive garbage pickup have no other option for getting rid of their waste. Localized trash pits are maintained by households in these communities, where rubbish is dumped daily and burned biweekly. The leftover rubbish is moved to larger pits on the outside of the town once the pits are full (Narayana, 2009).
The urban poor frequently have to put up with living next to trash despite the health risks. Many other emerging countries have comparable problems due to rising industrial and population growth coupled with underdeveloped and inadequate infrastructure. With the amount of garbage increasing exponentially, new SWM techniques must be used. These systems also need to be sustainable and tailored to the needs and difficulties that are present throughout the developing world. Consumption is at record highs as a result of the world becoming more urbanized, developed, and the population is increasing annually (IPA, 2014). The significant rise in the volume of solid trash created is an unavoidable effect of this expanding consumption pattern. Systems for managing garbage that are efficient and sustainable will assist control waste disposal and reduce some of the environmental pressure that consumption has caused. Also, it is critical to address this issue head-on because waste management can have negative consequences on both environmental and human health if neglected (Narayana, 2009). It is on this backdrop that the present study seeks to examine the assessment of the potentials and the socio-economic impact of waste to wealth in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria.
In many Nigerian cities, the issue of disposing of solid trash has grown to be one of the most important environmental issues. The amount of waste that is produced every day in the nation has dramatically increased in recent years. The population growth rate, urbanization, industrialization, and economic growth are all contributing factors in this. Also, many Nigerian cities lack efficient garbage management systems.Most urban households therefore resort to carelessly dumping, burning, or burying solid garbage. The typical method in the few urban regions with systems in place is for waste management authorities to routinely deploy collection trucks to pick up trash from residences and public containers.However, the majority of the activities run by the waste management authority have been inefficient and ineffectual, as shown by the piles of decomposing trash that are now commonplace in many urban locations. Also aggravating the matter is the fact that many Nigerian homes are unwilling or unable to pay for waste removal services. Based on this background, the present seeks to assess the potentials and the socio-economic impact of waste to wealth in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria.
The general objective of this study is to assess the potentials and the socio-economic impact of waste to wealth in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria. Other objectives of the study include;
Research Questions
From the objectives of the study above, the following questions were derived;
Research Hypotheses
The following were hypothesized;
Hypothesis One
Hypothesis Two
H0: There is no significant relationship between socio-economic potentials and wealth of residents in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria.
H1:There is a significant relationship between socio-economic potentials and wealth of residents in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria.
The research produced information on the challenges and best practices for solid waste management among the locals of AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria.
The study's conclusions will help solid waste management (SWM) organizations come up with better plans for handling solid waste in the State's areas of collection, storage, treatment, transportation, and disposal.
The study's conclusions will be useful to the government and the Ministries of Environment, Health, Urban and Regional Planning in modifying their plans and policies to encourage the effectiveness of solid waste management personnel and create a cleaner environment.
The public as well as solid waste management organizations would benefit from the findings on challenges faced by solid waste management personnel in Agege Local Government Area of Lagos State. It will assist solid waste management organizations in addressing the issues that prevent the State from effectively collecting solid wastes, such as inadequate collection techniques, a lack of collection locations, a lack of collection bins at key public locations, and potential waste collection improvement strategies. The general population will benefit when solid waste management organizations are able to collect garbage in an efficient manner because they will benefit from a high-quality environment, improved health, and greater productivity.
The government, Ministry of Regional and Urban Planning, and solid waste management agencies would benefit from the findings on obstacles to solid wastes storage management among solid waste management personnel within the State. The Ministry of Regional and Urban Planning may be inspired by the statistics to establish landfills for the storing of garbage.
This will make it easier for solid waste management organizations to have a place to deposit the trash they collect, sort them, and then sell the sections that are degrading to industrial farmers for use as manure.
Additionally, the results could spur the government to develop trash recycling technologies for the State so that garbage doesn't take up space that might be utilized for other profitable ventures.
The government, solid waste management organizations, and general public will benefit from the findings on obstacles to solid waste transportation management. The government may be persuaded to provide high-quality equipment for the transportation of trash.
The government could also be inspired to upgrade the State's roadways. These will encourage waste management organizations to handle trash in the State. When this is finished, the public will benefit from a clean environment and experience improved environmental aesthetics and quality.
The Ministries of Environment and Agriculture will benefit from the study's findings on barriers to treating solid waste. This discovery may spur commercial farmers and the ministry of agriculture to create technologies that can turn solid wastes, particularly the putrescible components, into manure.
The results may spur the environment ministry to develop policies that will be employed in recycling garbage into valuable products.
The government, solid waste management organizations, and all stakeholders inside and outside the State will benefit from the findings of the barriers to solid waste disposal study.
The results might persuade the state's administration and any other interested parties to fund and provide training for solid waste management organizations on how to use machinery for garbage disposal in the state. For appropriate waste management in the State, fix the road and install incinerators.
The study's conclusions about solid waste management optimization tactics will be helpful to solid waste management organizations, the government, environmental ministries, and the general public. It will be beneficial for solid waste management organizations to have knowledge on strategies they might modify to increase the efficiency of their work. It could persuade governments to fund the technologies required for the State's efficient waste management system. It could inspire the Ministry of Environment to take actions that would boost solid waste management effectiveness for a better environmental view.
This study is limited to assess the potentials and the socio-economic impact of waste to wealth in AgegeLocalGovernmentArea of LagosState, Nigeria. In contrast to other researches, which were carried out in densely inhabited states, Lagos State is one of the least populous states in the nation. As a result, this study will assess how household and solid wastes are managed.
Waste: Adewumi (2001) defined waste as a resource that is used inappropriately.
Solid waste: Any worthless, undesired, and discarded substance that results from regular community operations and has outlived its intended purpose and usage but lacks sufficient liquid content to flow freely is considered solid waste (Okereke, 2000).
Health: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity (World Health Organization, 2013).
Management: Aluko (2001) asserted that management is the process of setting up and structuring conditions so that an organization's objectives may be accomplished.
Solid Waste Management: It is possible to define solid waste management as the process of transforming waste into a useful resource.
Wealth: Wealth is the abundance of valuable financial assets or physical possessions which can be converted into a form that can be used for transactions.
1.9 Organization of the Study
This research work contains five chapters. The first chapter contains the introduction which provides general information about the study, structure of the research work, objectives, research question, justification and the definition of terms and Chapter 2 presents the literature review which includes theoretical review, conceptual review and empirical review. Chapter 3 describes the research methodology and it presents the research process and data collection procedure. Chapter 4 is “data analysis and result”; the outcomes of the study, element and process of data analysis and results are presented. Chapter 5 include summary the findings, the benefits of the research and recommendations.
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