DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEATHER FORECASTING PACKAGE FOR AVIATION INDUSTRY (AUTOMATED FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

We are all aware of the diverse and important role Aviation can play in the social and economic way of any nation. Aviation provides effective and timely, national and international transport for people and freight. Transport can be defined as factor of the created importance in all economic activities. It appears true to say that the structure of the transportation network tells the story of the economic development within the areas. Each of the main type of transportation so far developed, namely; road, rail and air transportation operates in different manner and places particular areas and sites and has an advantage at least over one another.

Here, we consider only the air transportation, which involves whether predictions before its operations. Whether is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain place at a specific time. It is therefore a day to day or even an hourly affair. Weather is a local. This means time and place of recording is very essential. On the other hand, climate is the description of the average condition of the atmosphere over a considerable area for along time (at least thirty five years). The study of the climate of an area includes, temperature, rainfall, wind and pressure, amount of sunshine, humidity and visibility.

1.1     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

          Meteorologists usually do the observation and recording of weather inputs. Due to the complex nature of these recording, they encounter some problems during their work. The problem are:-

1.       Lack of adequate instruments and equipment for taking accurate readings and recordings.

2.       Incorrect description of weather inputs by these meteorologists which leads to wrong forecasting.    

3.       Wrong use of database and organisation.

1.2     PURPOSE OF STUDY

          The need for weather information for the safe generation of aircraft was first recognized on the very day the Wright Brothers (Willbur and Orill) made a historic flight demonstration on 17 December, 1903. during the demonstration sudden strong guest of wind damaged their aircraft. Other flight made during the early year up Aviation indicated that weather information and forecasting played a major role in Aviation operation. It was also discovered that flights were impossible under poor visibility and lows clouds. This situation is still witnessed till date. So, the purpose of this study is to receive meteorologists from the cumbersome nature of their, job, which is hourly observation and recording. It will also reduce the mistake they make in their description of weather condition, which will lead to timely and efficient weather forecasting. 

1.3     AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

          Owing to the problem of inadequate instruments and equipment for taking accurate weather inputs that lead to wrong forecasting and wrong use of database.

          The aim and objectives of this project is to design a weather forecasting package that will help the Aviation industries to weather forecast effectively.

1.4     SCOPE/DELIMITATION  

          This defines what the precise limits of the possible area are: in this study the scope or delimitation will be meteorological department and weather station of the Enugu State Airport Authority Emene. The methods of weather observation, recording and instruments used will be considered. The reasons for lack of weather forecasters in the organisation will also be taken in account.

1.5     LIMITATION/CONSTRAINTS

          These are those conditions beyond the control of this project. The major limitation to this study is time factor. Others includes money or financial consideration, accurate information and appropriate respondents.

1.6     DEFINITION OF TERMS

Air-Craft:  This is an automated flying machine

Air-Port:    This is a public flying ground use by airliners usually with offices for customers and immigrations.

Computer: This is an electronic device capable of accepting data through the input medium, processing the data and giving at out the result is the output section. it at well store data (processed/raw data).

Forecast:    This means predicting before the outcome of an event.

GMT:         This means Greenwich Mean Time. It is the universally accepted time used in Aviation operation by the world meteorological observation.

Meteorology:       This is the specific study of the earth’s atmosphere and its changes.

Nosig:         This means that there is not likely to be any significant change is the weather within the next, two (2) hours.