EFFECT OF PRIVATIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF GOVERNMENT OWNED INDUSTRIES A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BREWERIES LIMITED 9TH MILE CORNER ENUGU

ABSTRACT

The government felt that some public sector businesses are performing below expectations. Some  incurred debts, which are being repaid and serviced by the government. The government also became worried that substantial part of its capital votes were used to support public enterprises whose provision of goods and services were often expensive, inefficient and subject to political manipulation. The Federal government therefore decided to privatize and commercialize these enterprises as a way of saving and instilling the spirit of efficiency in the effected areas of enterprises.

An explicit step by step procedure is to be used in the research methodology. The use of primary and secondary sources of data collection is to be  applied. The research based with in Enugu metropolis. An elaboration discussion and interview with specialists and members of staff of Nigeria Breweries (NBL) is to be done. Also the use of real materials by professionals and learned men is applied.

However, the research is confronted with a good number of factors which constricts the research .time being the first constricts the combination of my lectures, Assignments and personal chores is a bit furious. Money which has ordinarily constituted a hindrance is not adequately provided for the research, which needed enough cash for transportation, information and material. The protocols to be observed is not welcoming, things are  unnecessary  prolonged. The  last and never the leastwise inadequate braise, material, research guidance and experts in the project research topic who suppose to give a professional advice.

Meanwhile, I believe this research topic has a long way in reducing financial malpractice, bringing financial relief for the government, bringing productivity and quality, help raise government revenue, lesson the dominance of unproductive investments in the public sector, develop capital market and promote enterprises and industrialization etc. 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

There is no doubt that privation came in the hesitation of the policy of privatization and the advancing for market based reform.  It has also become an important component of Globalization.

     Privatization has since been  endorsed by multi  lateral financial institution as a major plank of adjustment policies , which are being , implemented in a number of developing country including Nigeria, of course in development literature privatization has become the linchpin (things that is most important part of  an organization )  economic liberalism.

The advocate of privatization  believe that it is very effective stage for improving operational efficiency ,  broaden share,  ownership , attracting foreign investment and reducing the role of the state in these areas where the private sector  process the capacity  to operate more efficiently and more productivity . (Jerome, 1999; 2)

Several countries in the developed and developing world are increasing privatizing state owned   enterprises. (SOES)  indeed, between 1988 and 1994, developing country sold about 3300 state owned enterprises.

The rush towards privatization in developing country most especially, has been attributed to the poor performance of publicly owned enterprises which has been largely managed by the staff. In the 70s, state enterprises where prominent in the extractive industries, utilities and infrastructure such as electricity railway, telecommunication etc.  in Nigeria, unfortunately this enterprises become  money guzzling  outfit, rely on regular subsidies  from government and   survived only on the monopoly status they enjoyed.  Many of them were over staffed and were bally managed

All of this deficiency necessitated a rethinking on the roll and structure of publicly owned or state owned enterprises like  NEPA. The introduction of  SAP in 1986 set the tone for the process of privatization of public enterprises in Nigeria.

 In spite of the foregoing justification for privatization,  it is important to point out ;that the private s sector in Nigeria as depended  largely on the state for; its survival studies have showed that in terms of investment of productivity activities. The private sector in Nigeria has hardly fared better than the government. The privatize sector according to Obadan has not been able to respond adequately  to the country desire for increased production an employment and stable prices  (Obadan, 1998 :89)

         An effective privatization programmed requires the existence of a single private sector, productivity oriented bourgeoisie and not a collection of compradors, speculators, and dealers in foreign currencies that dominate the private sector in Nigeria. The character of the Nigeria private sector and the imperfections that characterize the Nigerian business environment constitute the Achilles heel of the Nigerian privatization exercise.

     In sample terms: privatization may be defined as the “transfer of ownership and control tights over firms from the public to the private firms from the public to the private sectors”(Jerome,1999). Privatization is however much more complex in practice than is in theory.

         In embanking on privatization, government ought to critically examine the specific cities of their situations in order to avoid situations where privatization becomes counterproductive.

However there is nothing fervently ultra virus or illegal in the decision of privatization  the government enterprises by the sales of government equity interest there in either partially no fully, thus recommitting the enterprises under joint government/private, or fully private ownership.  It is important for the workers to bear in mind that the basic of   relevant legal authorities. Their cooperate  employer is  well within  its legal right if it decides to sell it interest in enterprises.  The federal government of Nigeria  has legalized its reserve to privatize  or commercialize government owned company/parastatals  by enactment  of the public enterprises (privatization ;and commercialization)  act 1999  here in ;after, referred to as the act. ; the act classifies the government owned companies/parastatals  that shall be privatize into various categories.  There are those where equity head by government shall be fully  privatize such as :

>National electric power authority.

1. Nigerian national petroleum corporation 

Jos steel rolling company limited .

Oshogbo steel rolling company limited

Nigeria hotel limited

Durbar hotel limited.

Crusader insurance company limited

Dekr steel company limited

Nigeria port authority.

On the other hand, there are those that are partially commercialized such as to federal radio corporation of Nigeria.   And those that are fully commercialized such as the Nigeria national petroleum corporation.

Therefore this research represent an attempt to search for effect which privatization and commercialization of government owned enterprises has had an the life of these enterprises.  The thesis as well seeks to know whether there should be a continuation of the activities on outright rejection based on its findings.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The period between 1971 to 1980 was a period described in the history of Nigerian brewery is the period of oil beam, within which tune in coherent application of generated revenue from sale of ;crude oil was made.  The various government both states and the federal established may seat industries in various parts of the country some of these industries are established import so much as such of its raw material imputes from overseas countries.  The data turn of the Nigerian fortunes which resulted from global oil glut have a great negatives impact on the economic fortunes of the country.  Nigeria being a mass cultural economy and which depend on the revenue from crude oil to finance her then import oriented economy to as much as ask was effected.

In 1986, the Nigeria government applied for a loan of 9.3billion from the international monetary funds (IMF) to finance her ceiling country economy.  The IMF hence presented a set of   constitution which will qualify Nigerians for a loan.  One of theses conditionality will the reduction of government  expresses an public parastatals

the proposal was exploited by the government as an avenue that will not only reduce government expenditure, portfolio but also made the much needed revenue available to finance other sectors of the economy.

The Nigeria breweries in (NBC) 9th mile corner Enugu incorporated only precisely in the 1993 with (656) sixty five percent ownership by individuals and (356) thirty-five percentage government opened.  As it is now the Nigeria breweries is now and young wearing.  Strong at its peak- it has not made any loss but to forced with problems.

The thesis as well seeks to know whether there should be a continuation of the activities on outright rejection based on its findings.